Unlike mainstream financial institutions, microfinance institutions play an important role in providing access to finance for rural farmers, small businesses, and other people who are engaged in similar activities. Hence, it was necessitated to have a legal framework to govern this issue i.e., Proclamation No. 626/2009. However, for various reasons, the existing proclamation needs amendment and the lawmakers came up with a new proclamation, Proclamation No. 1164/2019 (‘the new proclamation’), which introduces some innovative concepts to the existing proclamation. Therefore, in this piece, I will display some of the fundamental issues that are introduced in the new amending Proclamation. 

This piece provides a bird’s eye view of the draft proclamation on the Federal Courts with a particular focus on the issue of Cassation. Needless to say, the Ethiopian legal system typically follows a continental legal system as it mainly contains four substantive codes i.e., Civil Code, Criminal Code, Commercial Code, and Maritime Code, and two procedural codes i.e., Civil Procedure Code and Criminal Procedure Code.  This implies that the decisions of courts will not have a binding and precedential value to settle future related cases.

In the first part, I discussed some issues under the draft proclamation. This includes arbitrability of administrative contract, competency-competency, separability doctrine, pauper proceeding, appeal and the standard to challenge the arbitrators. In this part, I will briefly discuss the court's role in arbitration proceedings, the New York Convention, and the nature and impartiality of the Center as envisaged under the draft proclamation.

When we come to commercial dispute which arise out of not respecting contractual obligations by one or more parties, settlement of dispute through court come in the for front. However, the existing Ethiopian court system is extremely sluggish, rigid and expensive. On the contrary arbitration is praised for its speedy proceeding, flexible process, confidentiality of the proceeding, finality of dispute which ultimately saves time and money. Although there are some critics against the heart of the system, arbitration stands out as one of the most popular means of dispute settlement mechanism.

መነሻ ነጥብ

የኢትዮጵያ የሕግ ባለሙያዎች ማህበር በ1958 ዓ.ም.በእድርና እቁብ አይነት ቅርጽ የተመሰረተ ድርጅት ነው፡፡ በሰዓቱ ከአርባ የማይበልጡ አባላት የነበሩት ሲሆን አባሎቹም በከተማይቱ አዲስ አበባ የጥብቅና አገልግሎት የሚሰጡ ነበሩ፡፡ ይህ ማህበር የተደራጀና የአባላቱን እንዲሁም የተከበረ ሙያ የሆነውን የጥብቅና ሙያ ለማስጠበቅና ለመጠበቅ ሳይሆን በማህበርተኞች መካከል ለሚፈጥሩ ማህበራዊና ሰዋዊ ችግሮች ለመረዳዳት ተብሎ የተመሰረተ ተቋም ነበር፡፡ ይህ ስብስብ በተመሰረተ በአመቱ ማለትም በ1959 ዓ.ም. በቀድሞው አጠራር የሀገር ግዛት ሚኒስቴር ተመዝግቧል፡፡ ከአብዮቱም በኋላ የኢትዮጵያ የጠበቆች ማህበር የሚለውን ስያሜ የያዘ ሲሆን በማህበሩ ውስጥ ጠበቆች፣ የሕግ መምህራን፣ ዳኞች፣ የሕግ ጉዳይ ፀሐፊዎች እና ሌሎችም አባል ሆነው ይሰሩ ነበር፡፡ ስሙን ቀይሮ የመጣው ማህበር የግብርና የዓላማ ለውጦችንም በማድረግ ደረጃውን የጠበቀ የጥብቅና ሙያ እንዲኖር ግንባር ቀደም ዓላማው አድርጎ ተነሳ፡፡ በወቅቱም ልክ አሁን እንዳለው ተመሳሳይ አሰራር የጥብቅና ፍቃድ በማሳየትና የአባልነት ክፍያ በመክፈል አባል መሆን ይቻል ነበር፡፡

Getting to Yes: Negotiation agreement without giving in by Roger Fisher and William Ury page 200+xiii, price 11.00 $ , publisher Penguin book publisher [1]

Either to earn or to learn if anyone is interested in negotiation a small but coherent book getting to yes should be a start-up book to read. As Newsweek perfectly stated it is a lucid brief for win-win negotiation which if it takes hold, may help convert the age of ‘Me to the Era of We’. [2] You can’t spell negotiation without this book.

Labor is the most important activates of a human being crate both material productivity and social values. Now a day it is not a point of disagreement that the development of any given country is highly dependent upon high level of labor productivity, quality and efficiency. This being said, legally speaking labor right is one of the most fundamental human rights recognizing under various international instrument to which Ethiopia is a party. Furthermore, labor right is one of rights which patronizing to constitutional protection. The draft labor proclamation brought untold roaring from Ethiopia Workers Confederation Union (EWCU) and others stakeholders. This mini-article is meant to summarized and explore the draft labor proclamation.

ሀገሮች የዜጎቻቸውን የንብረት፣ የህይወት በአጠቃላይ የስብአዊና ዲሞክራሲያዊ መብቶቻቸውን ለማስጠበቅና ለማረጋገጥ የተለያየ ሕጎችን ያወጣሉ፡፡ እነዚህም ሕጎች ከሕገ-መንግስቱ (የየሃገሩ የበላይ ህግ) ጨምሮ አዋጆችን፣ ደንቦችንና መመሪያዎችን ያካትታል፡፡ በእነዚህ ሕጎች የተደነገጉት መብቶችን ማራመድ አንዳንድ ጊዜ የሌላውን ሰው መብትና ደህንነት አደጋ ላይ ሊጥል ይችላል፡፡ በእንደዚህ ሁኔታ ላይ ሲሆን ሕግ እነዚህ መብቶች ላይ ገደብ (limitation) ያስቀምጣል፡፡ ይህ የመብት ገደብ ዘለቄታና በቋሚነት የሚፀና ነው፡፡ ለምሳሌ ያህል በሕገ- መንግስታችን አንቀፅ 29 ሀሳብን በነፃነት የመግለፅ መብት ተደንግጓል ፡፡ ነገር ግን በተመሳሳይ አንቀፅ ሃሳብን በነፃነት የመግለፅ መብት ወጣት ዜጎችን እና የሌሎች ሰዎች መብትና ክብር ለመጠበቅ ሲባል በህግ ሊገደብ እንደሚችል ተደንግጓል፡፡ ይህ የመብት ገደብ ሲሆን ተፈፃሚነቱም በዘለቄታዊነት ነው፡፡ ከዚህም በተጨማሪ የመብት ገደብ ነገሮች ተፈጥሮዊና በተለመደው ሥርዓት ላይ እያሉ የሚተገበር ነው፡፡

The case involves the failure to comply with the formality requirements more specifically the failure of witnesses and parties to the contract to put signature on insurance policy as ground for non-existence of contract of insurance.  Asosa Zonal court upheld that there is no insurance contract because signature is missed. The Higher Court confirms the decision of the Zonal court. Then Ethiopia Insurance Company appeal against this judgment by alleging that there is fundamental error of law.

The Meaning of Suspect Transactions

Bankruptcy law works with the assumption that the debtor asset is insufficient to meet the demands of creditors. In principle, a solvent debtor has every right to effect payments to any of his creditors since in this case there is no race-to-courtroom problem. Thus, to understand suspect transactions, it is necessary to define what insolvency means and when we say the person is insolvent.