Several individuals or groups known as parties to the crime may play a distinct role in committing international crimes. The involvement of some of them in the commission of the crime is so close, direct, and active. These persons impose greater danger to society as a whole. The participation of others in the commission of international crime may be indirect by incitement and conspiracy. It supports and legitimizes acts of violence and Persecutory measures against victims. A review of mass crimes, both from the past and the present reveals that incitement and conspiracy generally precede and accompany mass crimes such as genocide, persecution, and extermination.
